Early Detection of Cancer:A Lifesaving Approach
Cancer, a word that often evokes fear and anxiety, remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. However, advancements in medical science have brought about significant improvements in how we approach cancer, particularly in its early stages. Cancer prevention and early detection are among the most promising strategies for reducing cancer mortality. By identifying cancer at its earliest, most treatable stage, the chances of successful treatment and survival increase dramatically. This article delves into the various methods of early cancer detection that we implement at Elevate, namely full-body MRI scans, mole mapping, Trucheck™ early cancer screening, and mammogram screening.
Importance of early detection of cancer
Cancer begins when cells in the body start to grow uncontrollably. While our bodies constantly generate new cells, sometimes this process goes awry, leading to cancer development. Often, the earlier cancer is detected, the more likely it is that treatment will be successful. This is because cancerous cells when caught early, are usually confined to one area and have not yet spread to other parts of the body. Detecting cancer early often means that treatment can be less aggressive, reducing the likelihood of severe side effects and improving the quality of life.
The importance of early cancer detection cannot be overstated. Cancers detected at an early stage have a significantly higher survival rate compared to those found at a later stage. For instance, the five-year survival rate for localized breast cancer is 99%, compared to around 25% for breast cancer that has spread to distant parts of the body [1]. Similar trends are observed in other types of cancers.
1. Full body MRI scan
MRI, or Magnetic Resonance Imaging, is a non-invasive imaging technology that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues in the body. Unlike X-rays or CT scans, MRI does not use ionizing radiation, generally making it a safer option for regular screening.
What is a full-body MRI scan?
During a full-body MRI scan, the patient lies inside a large tube-like machine. The machine generates a strong magnetic field that aligns the protons in the body's tissues. Radiofrequency pulses are then used to disturb this alignment, and as the protons realign, they emit signals that are captured by the machine to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body.
A full-body MRI scan can detect abnormalities in nearly every part of the body, including the brain, spine, chest, abdomen, and pelvis. It is particularly useful for detecting tumours, blood vessel abnormalities, conditions like multiple sclerosis, and much more.
Advantages of a full body MRI scan
One of the primary advantages of a full-body MRI scan is its ability to detect a wide range of abnormalities in one session. It can identify potential tumours and other issues in various tissues and organs, providing a comprehensive overview of your body.
Unlike other imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans, MRI does not use ionizing radiation. This makes it a safer option, especially for individuals who require repeated imaging or those at higher risk of radiation-related complications.
MRI provides highly detailed images, making it easier to detect even small abnormalities that might be missed with other imaging techniques. Additionally, MRIs are very well suited for examining soft tissues and organs.
Risks of a full body MRI scan scans
One of the potential downsides of a full-body MRI scan is the risk of false positives, where the scan detects an abnormality that is not cancerous. This can lead to unnecessary anxiety and additional testing, which may not be needed.MRI scans can take a significant amount of time, often up to an hour or more. Some may feel uncomfortable or claustrophobic inside the MRI machine.
2. Mole mapping
Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Mole mapping is a specialized technique used to monitor moles and other skin lesions over time, aiding in the early detection of skin cancer.
What is mole mapping?
Mole mapping involves taking high-resolution photographs of the entire body, focusing on moles and other pigmented skin lesions. These images are then stored and used as a baseline for comparison during follow-up visits. If any changes in the size, shape, or color of the moles are detected, further investigation, such as a biopsy or excision, may be recommended.
How does mole mapping work?
During your doctor’s appointment at Elevate, your doctor will take note of any suspicious skin lesions. Additionally, we will support mole tracking through the advanced ‘Miiskin’ app by mapping photos. This allows you and the Elevate team to track any suspicious moles and look out for changes that warrant additional investigation.
Advantages of mole mapping
Mole mapping allows for the early detection of melanoma and other types of skin cancer by identifying changes in moles before they become symptomatic. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment and improved survival rates.
Mole mapping is a non-invasive procedure that does not involve any cutting or penetration of the skin. This makes it a safe and comfortable option for patients of all ages.
Because mole mapping involves regular follow-up visits, it allows for personalized monitoring of the patient's skin health. Any changes can be detected and addressed promptly.
Risks of mole mapping
As with other screening methods, there is a risk of false positives with mole mapping. This can lead to unnecessary biopsies or surgeries, causing anxiety and discomfort for the patient.
3. Trucheck™ early cancer screening blood test
Trucheck is a relatively new advancement in the field of early cancer detection. It is a blood-based test designed to detect multiple types of cancer at an early stage, often before symptoms appear.
What is Trucheck™ early cancer screening?
At Elevate we implement ‘Trucheck™ intelli’. This is a blood test that analyzes a small sample of blood to detect circulating tumour cells (CTCs).
How does the Trucheck™ Intelli test work?
A blood sample is taken and sent to a specialized laboratory for analysis. The lab uses advanced technology to detect and analyze CTCs. These CTCs are shed by tumours into the bloodstream, and its detection can indicate the presence of cancer. The test can distinguish around ~70 different types of solid tumours.
Advantages of Trucheck™ early cancer screening
Trucheck™ can detect multiple types of cancer, including those that are difficult to screen for with traditional methods, such as pancreatic and ovarian cancer. This broad coverage makes it a powerful tool for early detection.
Trucheck™ is a simple blood test, making it a minimally invasive option compared to traditional biopsy techniques.
Trucheck can provide personalized information about cancer risk by analyzing specific biomarkers, allowing for tailored treatment and monitoring strategies.
Risks of Trucheck™ early cancer screening
As with any screening test, there is a risk of false positives, where the test indicates cancer when none is present, or false negatives, where the test fails to detect existing cancer (https://www.datarpgx.de/en/trucheck-en/). These inaccuracies can lead to unnecessary anxiety or missed diagnoses. This test does not check for the presence of cancers beyond the 70 different types included in the test, so these rarer cancers will be missed. Additionally, it provides a snapshot of the current presence of cancer and does not give information about the future.
4. Mammogram screening
Mammograms have long been a cornerstone of breast cancer screening in women and remain one of the most effective tools for the early detection of this common cancer. Generally, mammograms are used as part of routine national screening for women, particularly those over the age of 50 or with a higher risk of breast cancer. Here at Elevate, we could offer the option of mammogram screening beyond the national screening program after investigating your risk.
What is a mammogram?
A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast used to detect abnormalities, such as lumps or calcifications, that may indicate the presence of breast cancer.
How does a mammogram work?
During a mammogram, the patient's breast is placed on a flat surface and compressed with a paddle. This compression spreads out the breast tissue, allowing for a clearer X-ray image. The procedure typically takes about 20 minutes, and the resulting images are examined by a radiologist for signs of cancer.
Advantages of mammogram screening
Mammograms have been extensively studied and are proven to reduce breast cancer mortality by detecting cancer early when it is most treatable.
Mammograms are a quick procedure and are widely available at hospitals, clinics, and specialized imaging centers.
Mammograms can detect cancers that are too small to be felt during a physical exam, allowing for early intervention.
Risks of mammogram screening
While the radiation dose from a mammogram is low, there is still a small risk associated with repeated exposure over time. However, the benefits of early detection generally outweigh this risk.
As with other screening tests, mammograms can produce false positives or false negatives, leading to unnecessary biopsies or missed diagnoses.
The compression of the breast during a mammogram can be uncomfortable or even painful for some women, although the discomfort is usually brief.
Conclusion
Early detection of cancer is a critical factor in improving survival rates and reducing the burden of this disease. Advances in medical technology have provided us with powerful tools to detect cancer at its earliest stages when treatment is most likely to be successful. Full-body MRI scans, mole mapping, Trucheck™ early cancer screening, and mammogram screening each offer unique advantages and carry certain risks.
Full-body MRI scans provide a comprehensive overview of the body without the use of radiation, making them a safe and effective option for those seeking a thorough examination. Mole mapping offers a personalized approach to monitoring skin changes, aiding in the early detection of skin cancer. The Trucheck™ blood test represents a cutting-edge development in blood-based cancer screening, allowing for the detection of multiple cancers with a simple blood test. Mammograms, a proven method for breast cancer screening, continue to save lives by detecting cancer early.
While no screening method is without its limitations, the potential benefits of early detection generally outweigh the risks. Regular screening, in combination with a healthy lifestyle and awareness of risk factors, can significantly reduce the impact of cancer on individuals and society as a whole.
At Elevate we want you to stay informed about the available screening options and make proactive choices about your health, so you can take control of your well-being and increase your chances of living a long and healthy life. Contact us now to start your journey towards a healthier, happier you
References
Maajani, K., et al., The Global and Regional Survival Rate of Women With Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Breast Cancer, 2019. 19(3): p. 165-177.
*Source: https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/2018/03/23/new-calculations-confirm-lifestyle-changes-could-prevent-4-in-10-cancer-cases/
